ABSTRACT
Hydroxamic acids are directly related with cancer and its progression. Long term exposure with inflammatory responses, dysplasia develops which leads to cancer. Metastasis of cancer and expression of transient potential receptor ankyrin-1 are known to cause severe pain. Here, we explored the possibility of developing newer hydroxamic acid derivatives as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent. Animals were administered with 100 mg/kg dose of the synthesized imidazolyl triazolo hydroxamic acid derivatives (FP1-FP12) and 50 mg/kg dose of standard diclofenac sodium. Carrageenan induced rat paw edema and Eddy’s hot plate methods were considered for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Among all the synthesized molecules, FP10 and FP4 were the most effective anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent, respectively. The activity profile of remaining molecules as anti-inflammatory agents was as follows: FP4>FP9> FP8> FP2 and as analgesic activity profile was FP10>FP3>FP8 >FP11 >FP2 > FP12. Presence of ethyl- benzyl and furan groups in linker portion of the structure minimized both the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Results have shown that compounds with electron releasing groups considerably enhance both anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities.
ABSTRACT
Textiloma or gossypiboma is an embarrassing surgical scenario. Nephrocutaneous fistula is itself a rare complication after renal surgeries, but due to textiloma, it is rarest of the rare. In this case, 30-year-old lady presented with the complaints of chronic seropurulent discharge from a wound on her right lumbar region. On exploration it was found to be a retained surgical sponge in pelvicalyceal system, which was there for last seven years.
ABSTRACT
Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the renal parenchyma is an extremely rare entity. The diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis is usually unsuspected due to the rarity and inconclusive clinical and radiological features. The insidious onset of symptom and lack of any pathognomonic sign leads to delay in the diagnosis and subsequent treatment, resulting in grave prognosis for these patients. Here, we present a case of incidentally detected renal squamous cell carcinoma in a 71-year-old male with a staghorn calculus and Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. The patient was treated with radical nephrectomy
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Background: Effects of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) operation on ipsilateral renal function are widely known but functional changes in opposite kidney are limited. Authors have conducted this study to evaluate the impact of PCNL operation on the contralateral side during early post-operative period.Methods: From 1st November 2016 to 30th September 2018, those patients presented with unilateral renal stone disease were enrolled. After exclusion they were subjected to PCNL operation under general anaesthesia. Along with preoperative period, 99 m Tc DTPA renal scan is repeated at 3rd and 14th post-operative period.Results: Out of 121 patients enrolled we included 96 patients after exclusion. They are divided into 3 age groups, 19-32, 33-47 and 48-60 years. The mean GFR at pre-operative, post-operative day-3 and 14 of normal kidney in these 3 age groups are 47.32, 47.63 and 42.32 ml/min, 44.29, 45.78 and 40.63 ml/min and 47.10, 48.47 and 41.01 ml/min respectively. At post op day-3 there are reduction of mean GFR in all age groups but statistically not significant (p >0.05). At post-operative day-14 GFR improved towards the pre-op value but the change is also not significant (p >0.05).Conclusions: There are reduction of GFR of contralateral normal kidney following PCNL operation in early post-operative period. So, along with operated kidney normal kidney also showed decrease GFR. It is better to avoid further trauma in post PCNL patient like avoidance of using nephrotoxic medication, contrast agents, ESWL, etc. This study can guide us to avoid further trauma of any kidney.
ABSTRACT
The incidence of foreign body insertion in urethra was rare, but there has been a gradual increment in such cases nowadays.. The most common cause is to get sexual gratification. The management of these cases is individualized according to size, type, and location. Here we present a unique case report of earphone in the urinary bladder. A 17-year old male was admitted to the hospital with earphone inserted in his urinary bladder. The boy was operated for the removal of the broken end of the earphone. Such cases are common and needs proper attention and care which should be coupled with psychiatric consultation.
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Primary renal leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is an extremely rare tumor constituting to <2% of all malignant renal tumors. Here, we present the case of a 28-year-old female with a right lower polar renal tumor, who underwent partial nephrectomy which on microscopy suggested LMS. Due to the lack of a follow-up protocol and low survival rates, regular imaging and a multidisciplinary approach were considered in the patient
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BACKGROUND: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is typically found in the older age group between 50 and 70 years of age. However, diagnosis of renal cancer is increasing more rapidly in patients less than 40 years if age compared to older age patients. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To compare the clinicopathological spectrum and survival in patients with RCC in relation to age in a tertiary care hospital in eastern India. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients operated between February 2008 and January 2017 for renal masses having clinical and radiological suspicion and histopathologically proven RCC were analyzed from hospital records. Clinicopathological data and survival study were compared between patients less than 40 years of age and older age patients. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Statistical and survival analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20. RESULTS: Among 198 patients, 36 (18.2%) patients less than 40 years were diagnosed with RCC and 162 in older patients. In these 36 younger patients, 17 (47.2%) were male and 19 (52.7%) were female. A total of 63.8% in younger age group and 69.1% of older patients were diagnosed with stage 1 and 2 RCC; comparing younger to older patients, younger patients had high number of papillary carcinoma (22.2% vs. 11.7%, P = 0.096). Younger patients have shown marginally better 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Our study concludes that younger age patients were more affected by RCC specially papillary RCC, when compared to western population. In addition females had more incidence of RCC. Prognosis was similar in both groups.
ABSTRACT
Penile fracture with associated urethral injury is rare, but if it is associated with a complete urethral transection, then it is very rare and needs utmost attention to deal with it. This type of cases should be dealt with very precaution, and proper investigation should be done preoperatively to avoid post-operative complications. Here, we present a case of penile injury with complete urethral rupture and its successful management.
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Mucinous tubular and spindle cell renal cell carcinoma is a rare and recently described subtype of RCC. We present the case of a 45-year-old woman with incidentally detected left renal mass. Imaging revealed a large mass and left radical nephrectomy was performed, histopathology revealed it to be a mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid change. She is under close follow-up for the last 6 months
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Primary urethral carcinoma (UC) is a rare entity, and bulbar UCs of transitional cell origin are even rarer. Primary presentation as a scrotal abscess and urethrocutaneous fistula is rarely documented in UC patients. We present a case of a 66-year-old male presenting to emergency department with a scrotal abscess. Following blind incision and drainage, the urethral injury was suspected, and biopsy of suspicious lesion was taken from scrotum which came out to be invasive transitional cell carcinoma. A wide local excision of the tumor was done after workup. Hence, all patients with scrotal abscess and urethrocutaneous fistula should be investigated before performing any blind procedure.
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Chassaignac first described about a benign soft-tissue mass in 1852, characterised by a pleomorphic cell population, which includes lipid-laden foam cells, multinucleated giant cells and round or polygonal stromal cells, often with deposits of haemosiderin in a collagenous stroma. and he overstated their biologic potential in referring to them as fibrous xantoma or Giant-cell tumour of the tendon sheath. They are of two types, Localized (common) and Diffuse (rare) .The rare diffuse form is considered the soft tissue counterpart of diffuse pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) and typically affects the lower extremities1 .Its anatomic distribution parallels that of PVNS, with lesions most commonly found around the knee, followed by the ankle and foot; however, it occasionally affects the hand.
Subject(s)
Biopsy , Epidermal Cyst/pathology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Penile Diseases/pathology , Penis/pathology , Skin Diseases/pathologyABSTRACT
We present an uncommon case of tubercular epididymitis in an undescended testis, diagnosed by Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC), which is not reported till now. The treatment is primarily medical with combination of three or four anti-tubercular drugs but sometimes it requires surgical intervention, as in the present case..
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The authors report a rare case of hypertrophic vulval tuberculosis of primary origin in a 26-year-old female patient. The diagnosis was mainly based on histopathological examination. Good outcome was obtained with antitubercular chemotherapy supplemented with surgical reduction for aesthetic concern.
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Systemic lupus erythematosus is a multisystem organ inflammation due to damage of cells and tissues by pathogenic auto-antibodies and immune complexes. The most important factor for the causation of familial systemic lupus erythematosus is genetic on which environmental factor usually coexists. Two brothers of 7 and 3 years of age having childhood systemic lupus erythematosus are reported here because of low incidence and familial occurrence. Both the children fulfilled the American Rheumatology Association (ARA) criterion of systemic lupus erythematosus though anti-dsDNA was negative in both and antinuclear factor was positive only in the younger child. Systemic lupus erythematosus begins in childhood in 20% of adult patients and usually after the age of 8 years but here onset was even at an earlier age. The treatment of the both the siblings included administration of steroids and cyclophosphamide.
Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage , Drug Administration Schedule , Humans , Immunosuppressive Agents/administration & dosage , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/diagnosis , Male , Prednisolone/administration & dosage , SiblingsABSTRACT
Foreign bodies in the urinary bladder are frequently the objects of jokes among doctors, but they may sometimes cause serious implications to the patients. Here we present our experiences in 3 such cases where long segments of wire were introduced into the urinary bladder through the urethra.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Male , Foreign Bodies , Urinary Bladder , Cystoscopy , Foreign Bodies/complications , Foreign Bodies/surgery , UrethraABSTRACT
In a ten-year retrospective study (1985-95), 42 cases of retroperitoneal tumours were analysed. All cases were treated surgically. Among the relevant investigations CT scan and fine needle aspiration cytology were found to be most helpful to have a pre-operative idea regarding the best course of therapy. The highest incidence of retroperitoneal tumours were found in the 4th decade of life with roughly equal sex incidence. Malignant tumours were double in comparison to benign tumours and lymphoma was found to be the most common malignant tumour. Though complete resection should be the aim to treat them it may lead to sacrifice of other vital organs like kidney, spleen and part of large gut in advanced cases. Complication may be always for a heroic surgery leading to inadvertent injury to other structures, causing high mortality up to 19.1%.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retroperitoneal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
A 16-year-old, Hindu, female presented with rapidly growing abdominal lump for 6 months, primary amenorrhoea and non-development of secondary sex characters. Her BP was 180/120 mmHg. There was an excessive hirsutism involving face, neck, shoulders, abdomen and thighs. A lump was felt at left lumbar region extending on to left hypochondrium and part of umbilical region. Her serum testosterone level was 224 ng/dl and cortisol level was 15 microg/dl. Ultrasonography revealed a solid mass arising from the upper pole of left kidney. Exploratory laparotomy revealed a huge left adrenal tumour which was removed completely. Histopathology of the resected mass showed sheets of large round to polyhedral cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and eosinophilic granular cytoplasm with numerous giant cells. The case was diagnosed as virilising adrenocortical carcinoma.